When it comes to creating a vibrant and feline - friendly garden, catmint and catnip are two perennials that often come into the spotlight. These plants not only add a touch of beauty to your outdoor space but also have a special allure for our furry friends. In this article, we will delve into the differences between catmint and catnip and learn how to grow each successfully.

Let's start by understanding the basic differences between catmint and catnip. Although they belong to the same mint family, Lamiaceae, they have distinct characteristics. Catnip, scientifically known as Nepeta cataria, is well - known for its powerful effect on cats. When cats come into contact with catnip, they often exhibit behaviors such as rolling, rubbing, and increased playfulness. It contains a compound called nepetalactone, which acts as a natural stimulant for felines.

On the other hand, catmint, or Nepeta mussinii, is more commonly used as an ornamental plant. While it also has a milder effect on cats, its main appeal lies in its beautiful lavender - blue flowers that bloom from late spring to early fall. Catmint has a more compact and bushy growth habit compared to catnip, which can grow taller and more leggy.

In terms of appearance, catnip has a more delicate and lacy foliage. The leaves are gray - green in color and have a slightly fuzzy texture. Its flowers are small, white with purple spots, and are arranged in long spikes. Catmint, however, has broader, more heart - shaped leaves that are a rich green color. The flowers are larger and more showy, making it a popular choice for borders and flower beds.

Now, let's move on to growing these wonderful plants. Both catmint and catnip are relatively easy to grow, making them suitable for gardeners of all skill levels. They thrive in full sun but can tolerate partial shade. Well - drained soil is essential for their growth, as they do not like to sit in waterlogged conditions.

When it comes to planting, you can start catmint and catnip from seeds or transplants. If you choose to start from seeds, sow them indoors about 6 - 8 weeks before the last frost date. Keep the soil moist and warm, and the seeds should germinate within 7 - 10 days. Once the seedlings are large enough to handle, transplant them outdoors, spacing them about 12 - 18 inches apart.

For transplants, you can purchase them from a local nursery. Dig a hole that is slightly larger than the root ball of the plant, place the plant in the hole, and backfill with soil. Water the plant thoroughly after planting to help it settle in.

Watering is an important aspect of caring for catmint and catnip. During the first few weeks after planting, water them regularly to help establish a strong root system. Once established, they are relatively drought - tolerant, but it's still a good idea to water them during dry spells. Avoid over - watering, as this can lead to root rot.

Fertilizing is not usually necessary for catmint and catnip, as they can grow well in average soil. However, if you want to encourage more vigorous growth and abundant flowering, you can apply a balanced, slow - release fertilizer in the spring.

Pruning is also beneficial for these plants. After the first flush of flowers has faded, you can cut back the plants by about one - third to encourage a second bloom. In the fall, you can cut the plants back to the ground to prepare them for the winter.

One of the great things about catmint and catnip is that they are relatively pest - and disease - free. However, they can attract bees and butterflies, which are beneficial for pollination. If you have cats, they may be attracted to the plants, but this is usually not a problem as long as they don't over - indulge.

In conclusion, catmint and catnip are two wonderful perennials that can add beauty and fun to your garden. Whether you want to create a feline - friendly oasis or simply enhance the aesthetic appeal of your outdoor space, these plants are a great choice. By understanding their differences and following the proper growing and care techniques, you can enjoy the many benefits that catmint and catnip have to offer.